What is History?
The study of the past is called 'History'. The English word 'History' is derived from the Greek word historia meaning research, inquiry or investigation. Thus, the knowledge acquired by berinvestigation is known as 'historia'. A
The Greek historian Herodotus (484 BC-425 BC) was the first real historian of the world. He wrote only one book "The Histories' (430 BC). "The Histories' describes the background and events of the Graeco-Persian/Greek Iranian Wars. First of all the Roman philosopher Cicero (106 BC-43 BC) called him 'The Father of History'.
The German historian Leopold von Ranke .1795-1896 AD) is known as 'The Father of Modern History'. According to Ranke, the task of historian was to describe the past as it actually was ['wie es eingentlich gewesen' (German words)-what it (the past) actually was (English translation)].
The German philosopher Hegel . (1770-1831)
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AD) once said 'History repeats itself', later on German economist and philosopher Karl Marx .(1818-83AD) extended the line: "History repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce."
According to British historian E. H. Carr . (1982 AD): "History is an unending dialogue between past and present."
A System Dating of history
BC and AD: BC is the acronym of Before Christ. This is an English phrase meaning 'Before the birth of (Jesus) Christ'. So, the years before the birth of Jesus Christ is known as 'Before Christ' and it is denoted as BC in short. e.g.: Gautama Buddha was born in 563 BC and died in 483 BC. Alexander the Great was born in 356 BC and died in 323 BC.
AD is the acronym of Anno Domini. This is a Latin phrase meaning 'In the year of the Lord (Jesus Christ). So, the years begin with the birth of Jesus Christ is known as 'Anno Domini', and it is denoted as AD in short. e.g.: Jesus Christ was crucified in 30 AD. Kushana ruler Kanishka was ascended the throne in 78 AD. Hazrat Muhammad was born in 570 AD and died in 632 AD.
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